Lukas 12:4-7
Konteks12:4 “I 1 tell you, my friends, do not be afraid of those who kill the body, 2 and after that have nothing more they can do. 12:5 But I will warn 3 you whom you should fear: Fear the one who, after the killing, 4 has authority to throw you 5 into hell. 6 Yes, I tell you, fear him! 12:6 Aren’t five sparrows sold for two pennies? 7 Yet not one of them is forgotten before God. 12:7 In fact, even the hairs on your head are all numbered. Do not be afraid; 8 you are more valuable than many sparrows.
Lukas 12:22-32
Konteks12:22 Then 9 Jesus 10 said to his 11 disciples, “Therefore I tell you, do not worry 12 about your 13 life, what you will eat, or about your 14 body, what you will wear. 12:23 For there is more to life than food, and more to the body than clothing. 12:24 Consider the ravens: 15 They do not sow or reap, they have no storeroom or barn, yet God feeds 16 them. How much more valuable are you than the birds! 12:25 And which of you by worrying 17 can add an hour to his life? 18 12:26 So if 19 you cannot do such a very little thing as this, why do you worry about 20 the rest? 12:27 Consider how the flowers 21 grow; they do not work 22 or spin. Yet I tell you, not even Solomon in all his glory was clothed like one of these! 12:28 And if 23 this is how God clothes the wild grass, 24 which is here 25 today and tomorrow is tossed into the fire to heat the oven, 26 how much more 27 will he clothe you, you people of little faith! 12:29 So 28 do not be overly concerned about 29 what you will eat and what you will drink, and do not worry about such things. 30 12:30 For all the nations of the world pursue 31 these things, and your Father knows that you need them. 12:31 Instead, pursue 32 his 33 kingdom, 34 and these things will be given to you as well.
12:32 “Do not be afraid, little flock, for your Father is well pleased 35 to give you the kingdom.
[12:4] 1 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
[12:4] 2 sn Judaism had a similar exhortation in 4 Macc 13:14-15.
[12:5] 3 tn Grk “will show,” but in this reflective context such a demonstration is a warning or exhortation.
[12:5] 4 sn The actual performer of the killing is not here specified. It could be understood to be God (so NASB, NRSV) but it could simply emphasize that, after a killing has taken place, it is God who casts the person into hell.
[12:5] 5 tn The direct object (“you”) is understood.
[12:5] 6 sn The word translated hell is “Gehenna” (γέεννα, geenna), a Greek transliteration of the Hebrew words ge hinnom (“Valley of Hinnom”). This was the valley along the south side of Jerusalem. In OT times it was used for human sacrifices to the pagan god Molech (cf. Jer 7:31; 19:5-6; 32:35), and it came to be used as a place where human excrement and rubbish were disposed of and burned. In the intertestamental period, it came to be used symbolically as the place of divine punishment (cf. 1 En. 27:2, 90:26; 4 Ezra 7:36).
[12:6] 7 sn The pennies refer to the assarion, a small Roman copper coin. One of them was worth one sixteenth of a denarius or less than a half hour’s average wage. Sparrows were the cheapest thing sold in the market. God knows about even the most financially insignificant things; see Isa 49:15.
[12:7] 8 sn Do not be afraid. One should respect and show reverence to God (v. 5), but need not fear his tender care.
[12:22] 9 tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative. Jesus’ remarks to the disciples are an application of the point made in the previous parable.
[12:22] 10 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[12:22] 11 tc αὐτοῦ (autou, “his”) is lacking in Ì45vid,75 B 1241 c e. Although the addition of clarifying pronouns is a known scribal alteration, in this case it is probably better to view the dropping of the pronoun as the alteration in light of its minimal attestation.
[12:22] 12 tn Or “do not be anxious.”
[12:22] 13 tc Most
[12:22] 14 tc Some
[12:24] 15 tn Or “crows.” Crows and ravens belong to the same family of birds. English uses “crow” as a general word for the family. Palestine has several indigenous members of the crow family.
[12:24] 16 tn Or “God gives them food to eat.” L&N 23.6 has both “to provide food for” and “to give food to someone to eat.”
[12:25] 17 tn Or “by being anxious.”
[12:25] 18 tn Or “a cubit to his height.” A cubit (πῆχυς, phcu") can measure length (normally about 45 cm or 18 inches) or time (a small unit, “hour” is usually used [BDAG 812 s.v.] although “day” has been suggested [L&N 67.151]). The term ἡλικία (Jhlikia) is ambiguous in the same way as πῆχυς. Most scholars take the term to describe age or length of life here, although a few refer it to bodily stature (see BDAG 435-36 s.v. 1.a for discussion). Worry about length of life seems a more natural figure than worry about height. However, the point either way is clear: Worrying adds nothing to life span or height.
[12:26] 19 tn This is a first class condition in the Greek text.
[12:26] 20 tn Or “why are you anxious for.”
[12:27] 21 tn Traditionally, “lilies.” According to L&N 3.32, “Though traditionally κρίνον has been regarded as a type of lily, scholars have suggested several other possible types of flowers, including an anemone, a poppy, a gladiolus, and a rather inconspicuous type of daisy.” In view of the uncertainty, the more generic “flowers” has been used in the translation.
[12:27] 22 tn Traditionally, “toil.” Although it might be argued that “work hard” would be a more precise translation of κοπιάω (kopiaw) here, the line in English scans better in terms of cadence with a single syllable.
[12:28] 23 tn This is a first class condition in the Greek text.
[12:28] 24 tn Grk “grass in the field.”
[12:28] 25 tn Grk “which is in the field today.”
[12:28] 26 tn Grk “into the oven.” The expanded translation “into the fire to heat the oven” has been used to avoid misunderstanding; most items put into modern ovens are put there to be baked, not burned.
[12:28] sn The oven was most likely a rounded clay oven used for baking bread, which was heated by burning wood and dried grass.
[12:28] 27 sn The phrase how much more is a typical form of rabbinic argumentation, from the lesser to the greater. If God cares for the little things, surely he will care for the more important things.
[12:29] 28 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate a conclusion drawn from the previous illustrations.
[12:29] 29 tn Grk “do not seek,” but this could be misunderstood to mean that people should make no attempt to obtain their food. The translation “do not be overly concerned” attempts to reflect the force of the original.
[12:29] 30 tn The words “about such things” have been supplied to qualify the meaning; the phrase relates to obtaining food and drink mentioned in the previous clause.
[12:31] 32 tn Grk “seek,” but in the sense of the previous verses.
[12:31] 33 tc Most
[12:31] 34 sn His (that is, God’s) kingdom is a major theme of Jesus. It is a realm in which Jesus rules and to which those who trust him belong. See Luke 6:20; 11:20; 17:20-21.
